1 ; **************************************************************************** 2 ; TRDOS386.ASM (TRDOS 386 Kernel) - v2.0.0 - trfs1fdb.s - TRFS1 BOOT SECTOR 3 ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 ; Turkish Rational SINGLIX File System 1 1.44MB Floppy Disk Boot Sector Code 5 ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 ; Last Update: 02/02/2018 7 ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 ; Beginning: 06/01/2018 9 ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 ; Assembler: NASM version 2.11 11 ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 ; ((nasm trfs1fdb.s -l trfs1fdb.lst -o TRFS1FDB.BIN)) 13 ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14 ; Turkish Rational DOS 15 ; Operating System Project v2.0 by ERDOGAN TAN (Beginning: 04/01/2016) 16 ; 17 ; Derived from 'trfs1_chs.s' TRDOS 386 TRFS1 boot sector source code 18 ; by Erdogan Tan (04/01/2018). 19 ; 20 ; **************************************************************************** 21 ; incbin "TRFS1FDB.BIN" 22 23 rts_segment equ 1000h 24 25 ; FDT equalities 26 ; 03-01-2018 [ TRFS Issue 2, Revision 14 ] 27 28 FDT_Sign equ 0 ; 'FDT' 29 FDT_SectorSize equ 4 ; 512 30 FDT_Number equ 6 ; FDT sequence number 31 FDT_FileNumber equ 8 ; 1st FDT address (offset) 32 FDT_NextFDTNum equ 12 ; Next FDT address 33 FDT_SectorCount equ 16 ; Sector count in section 34 FDT_ParentDir equ 20 ; Parent directory address 35 FDT_PDirSerial equ 24 ; Parent directory serial number 36 FDT_FileSize equ 28 ; File Size lower 4 bytes 37 FDT_FileSizeHW equ 32 ; File Size higher 2 bytes 38 39 [BITS 16] 40 [ORG 7C00h] 41 bsjmpBoot: 42 ;jmp short loc_41 ; jmp short start 43 00000000 EB2E jmp short loc_30 44 bsjmpBoot_nop: 45 00000002 90 nop 46 47 ; TR-SINGLIX FS1 BootSector Identification (Data) Block 48 ; 03-01-2018 FS1 Boot Sector 49 ; 02-01-2018 [ TRFS Issue 1, Revision 14 ] 50 51 00000003 4653 bsFSystemID: db 'FS' ; bp+3 52 00000005 00 db 0 53 00000006 0002 bsBytesPerSec: dw 512 ; bp+6 54 00000008 03 bsMediaAttrib: db 3 ; bp+8 55 00000009 A1 bsPartitionID: db 0A1h ; bp+9 56 0000000A 01 bsFSVersionMaj: db 01h ; bp+10 57 0000000B 00 bsFSVersionMin: db 0 ; bp+11 58 0000000C 00000000 bsBeginSector: dd 0 ; bp+12 59 00000010 400B0000 bsVolumeSize: dd 2880 ; bp+16 60 00000014 00000000 bsStartupFDT: dd 0 ; bp+20 61 00000018 01000000 bsMATLocation: dd 1 ; bp+24 62 0000001C 03000000 bsRootDirDT: dd 3 ; bp+28 63 00000020 00000000 bsSysConfFDT: dd 0 ; bp+32 64 00000024 00000000 bsSwapFD: dd 0 ; bp+36 65 00000028 00000000 bsUndelDirDT: dd 0 ; bp+40 66 0000002C 00 bsDriveNumber: db 0 ; bp+44 67 0000002D 00 bs_LBA_Ready: db 0 ; bp+45 68 bsMagicWord: 69 bs_Disk_SecPerTrack: 70 0000002E 12 db 18 ; bp+46 71 bs_Disk_Heads: 72 0000002F 02 db 2 ; bp+47 73 ;bsOperationSys: 74 ;; db 'TR-SINGLIX v1.0b' ; bp+48 75 ; db 'TR-DOS 386 TRFS1' 76 ;terminator: db 0 77 78 ; NOTE: This boot sector is valid for < 32MB Hard Disks and Floppy Disks 79 ; [bs_Disk_SecPerTrack] and [bs_Disk_Heads] and 80 ; [bsVolumeSize] and [bsRootDirDT] and [bsBeginSector] and 81 ; [bsMediaAttrib] must be set as correct! 82 ; High word of all double word -dd- parameters must be 0!!! 83 ; Max. volume size = 65535 sectors. 84 85 ; !!! ((Default configuration: 1.44MB (3.5") Floppy Disk)) !!! 86 87 start: 88 ;loc_41: 89 00000030 BD007C loc_30: mov bp, 7C00h 90 91 00000033 31C0 xor ax, ax 92 00000035 8ED8 mov ds, ax 93 00000037 8EC0 mov es, ax 94 00000039 FA cli 95 0000003A 8ED0 mov ss, ax 96 0000003C 89EC mov sp, bp 97 0000003E FB sti 98 0000003F 8A562C mov dl, [bp+44] ; [bsDriveNumber] 99 100 00000042 A3[FC01] mov [bsReserved1], ax 101 102 ;; Check File System ID value 103 ;cmp word [bp+3], 'FS' ; [bsFSystemID] 104 ;jne short invalid_system_disk 105 106 ; Check Bytes/Sector value 107 ; It must be 512 !? (at least, for TRDOS386) 108 ;cmp word [bp+6], 512 ; [bsBytesPerSec] 109 ;jne short invalid_system_disk 110 111 ; Check LBA signature 112 ;cmp byte [bp+45], 0 ; [bs_LBA_Ready] 113 ;ja short invalid_system_disk 114 115 ; Check Volume Size (>= 32MB) 116 ;cmp word [bp+18], 0 117 ;ja short invalid_system_disk 118 119 check_startup_file_address: 120 00000045 8B4614 mov ax, [bp+20] ; [bsStartupFDT] 121 00000048 21C0 and ax, ax 122 0000004A 7445 jz short invalid_system_disk 123 124 0000004C 3B4610 cmp ax, [bp+16] ; [bsVolumeSize] 125 0000004F 7340 jnb short invalid_system_disk 126 127 00000051 83EC04 sub sp, 4 ; 13/01/2018 128 ; SP = 7BFCh 129 130 00000054 03460C add ax, [bp+12] ; [bsBeginSector] 131 00000057 8946FE mov [bp-2], ax 132 133 ; overwrite hd drive number ! 134 ;mov [bsDriveNumber], dl ; drive number from INT 19h 135 ;mov [bp+44], dl 136 137 0000005A BB007E mov bx, 7E00h ; FDT Buffer address 138 ;mov si, bx 139 140 0000005D E8BC00 call read_sector 141 00000060 723B jc short disk_io_error 142 143 check_startup_file_fdt: 144 ; Check FDT signature 145 ;lodsw 146 ;cmp ax, 'FD' 147 ;jne short invalid_system_disk ; not a valid FDT! 148 ;lodsb 149 ;cmp al, 'T' 150 ;jne short invalid_system_disk ; not a valid FDT! 151 ;add si, 5 152 00000062 BE087E mov si, 7E00h+FDT_FileNumber 153 00000065 AD lodsw ; FDT_FileNumber 154 00000066 8B560C mov dx, [bp+12] ; [bsBeginSector] 155 00000069 8B7EFE mov di, [bp-2] ; Current FDT address (LBA) 156 0000006C 01D0 add ax, dx 157 0000006E 39C7 cmp di, ax 158 00000070 751F jne short invalid_system_disk ; not a valid FDT! 159 00000072 AD lodsw ; +2 160 00000073 AD lodsw ; FDT_NextFDTNum 161 00000074 01D0 add ax, dx ; DX = Volume Beginning Sector 162 00000076 8946FE mov [bp-2], ax ; Next FDT address (LBA) 163 00000079 AD lodsw ; +2 164 ; DI = Current FDT address 165 0000007A AD lodsw ; FDT_SectorCount 166 0000007B 09C0 or ax, ax 167 0000007D 7412 jz short invalid_system_disk ; not a valid FDT! 168 0000007F 89C1 mov cx, ax 169 00000081 83C60A add si, 2+8 170 00000084 AD lodsw ; FDT_FileSize 171 00000085 89C2 mov dx, ax 172 00000087 AD lodsw 173 00000088 92 xchg dx, ax 174 175 00000089 09C0 or ax, ax 176 0000008B 751E jnz short bs_02 177 0000008D 09D2 or dx, dx 178 0000008F 751A jnz short bs_02 179 180 invalid_system_disk: 181 00000091 BE[B401] mov si, Inv_disk_Msg 182 00000094 E8D000 call print_msg 183 getchar_reboot: 184 ; Wait for a keystroke just before reboot 185 00000097 30E4 xor ah, ah 186 00000099 CD16 int 16h 187 188 0000009B CD19 int 19h ; disk boot 189 ; causes reboot of disk system 190 disk_io_error: 191 0000009D BE[A701] mov si, Diskio_err_Msg 192 000000A0 E8C400 call print_msg 193 ;replace_disk: 194 ; mov si, Replace_Msg 195 replace_disk: 196 000000A3 BE[C901] mov si, Disk_err_replace_Msg 197 000000A6 E8BE00 call print_msg 198 000000A9 EBEC jmp short getchar_reboot 199 200 bs_02: 201 000000AB BBFF01 mov bx, 511 202 000000AE 01D8 add ax, bx 203 000000B0 83D200 adc dx, 0 204 000000B3 43 inc bx 205 000000B4 F7F3 div bx 206 000000B6 BB7F04 mov bx, 1151 207 000000B9 39D8 cmp ax, bx ; Maximum 1151 sectors 208 ; (Segment 1000h to 9FE0h) 209 ; ((512 bytes must be reserved for 210 ; stack just before segment A000h)) 211 000000BB 7602 jna short bs_03 212 000000BD 89D8 mov ax, bx 213 bs_03: 214 ; CX = sector count (in section) 215 load_startup_file: 216 000000BF 39C8 cmp ax, cx 217 000000C1 7302 jnb short bs_04 218 000000C3 89C1 mov cx, ax ; sector count (in section) 219 ; must not be greater 220 ; remain sectors (for file) to read 221 bs_04: 222 000000C5 29C8 sub ax, cx 223 000000C7 8946FC mov [bp-4], ax ; Remain sector count (for next read) 224 ;mov ax, di ; FDT address 225 000000CA 97 xchg ax, di 226 000000CB 40 inc ax ; +1 (section data) 227 ; CX = sector count (<= 1151) in section 228 000000CC 8B1E[7501] mov bx, [next_segment] 229 000000D0 06 push es 230 000000D1 8EC3 mov es, bx ; segment = 1000h + 231 000000D3 31DB xor bx, bx ; offset = 0 232 ; CX = num of sectors to read (= sectors/cluster) 233 000000D5 E84700 call disk_read 234 000000D8 07 pop es 235 000000D9 72C2 jc short disk_io_error 236 000000DB C1EB04 shr bx, 4 ; from byte count to paragraph count 237 000000DE 011E[7501] add [next_segment], bx 238 239 ;mov di, [bp-4] ; Remain sector count 240 000000E2 09FF or di, di 241 000000E4 0F84A300 jz bs_07 ; none 242 243 000000E8 8B46FE mov ax, [bp-2] ; Next FDT address 244 000000EB BB007E mov bx, 7E00h ; FDT Buffer address 245 000000EE 89DE mov si, bx 246 247 000000F0 E82900 call read_sector 248 000000F3 72A8 jc short disk_io_error 249 250 000000F5 AD lodsw 251 000000F6 3D4644 cmp ax, 'FD' 252 000000F9 7596 jne short invalid_system_disk ; not a valid FDT! 253 000000FB AC lodsb 254 000000FC 3C54 cmp al, 'T' 255 000000FE 7591 jne short invalid_system_disk ; not a valid FDT! 256 00000100 83C609 add si, 9 257 00000103 AD lodsw ; FDT_NextFDTNum 258 00000104 03460C add ax, [bp+12] ; [bsBeginSector] 259 00000107 8746FE xchg [bp-2], ax ; Next FDT address (LBA) 260 0000010A 89C2 mov dx, ax ; Current FDT address 261 ;xchg dx, ax 262 0000010C AD lodsw ; +2 263 0000010D AD lodsw ; FDT_SectorCount 264 0000010E 09C0 or ax, ax 265 00000110 0F847DFF jz invalid_system_disk ; not a valid FDT! 266 00000114 89C1 mov cx, ax ; sector count (in section) 267 ;xchg cx, ax 268 00000116 89F8 mov ax, di ; [bp-4] ; remain sectors to read 269 ;xchg ax, di 270 00000118 89D7 mov di, dx 271 ;xchg di, dx 272 ; DI = Current FDT address 273 0000011A EBA3 jmp short load_startup_file 274 275 read_sector: ; 25/12/2017 (Read 1 sector) 276 0000011C B90100 mov cx, 1 277 disk_read: 278 ;mov byte [bp+retry_count-7C00h], 4 279 0000011F B204 mov dl, 4 ; retry count 280 disk_read_0: 281 00000121 60 pusha 282 chs_read: 283 ; Convert LBA to CHS 284 00000122 31D2 xor dx, dx 285 00000124 30ED xor ch, ch 286 ;mov cl, byte [bs_Disk_SecPerTrack] ; [bp+46] 287 ; sectors per track (18 or 17 or 63) 288 00000126 8A4E2E mov cl, [bp+46] 289 00000129 F7F1 div cx 290 0000012B FEC2 inc dl ; sector number (1 based) 291 0000012D 52 push dx 292 ; ax = (heads * cylinder) + head number 293 0000012E 29D2 sub dx, dx 294 ;mov cl, [bs_Disk_Heads] ; [bp+47] 295 00000130 8A4E2F mov cl, [bp+47] ; number of heads (2 to 255) 296 00000133 F7F1 div cx 297 ; AX = cylinder (0 to 1023) 298 ; DX = head number (in DL) 299 00000135 88D6 mov dh, dl ; head number in DH 300 ;mov dl, [bsDriveNumber] ; [bp+2Ch] ; Drive number (80h) 301 00000137 8A562C mov dl, [bp+44] 302 0000013A 59 pop cx 303 0000013B 88C5 mov ch, al ; Low 8 bits of cylinder number (0 to 7) 304 0000013D C0E406 shl ah, 6 ; High 2 bits of cylinder is in bit 7&8 305 00000140 08E1 or cl, ah ; High two bits of CL is cylinder bits 8&9 306 00000142 B80102 mov ax, 201h ; Read 1 sector 307 00000145 CD13 int 13h 308 disk_read_1: 309 00000147 61 popa 310 00000148 7305 jnc short disk_read_2 311 ; cf = 1 312 ;dec byte [retry_count] 313 ;dec byte [bp+retry_count-7C00h] 314 0000014A FECA dec dl ; Retry count 315 0000014C 75D3 jnz short disk_read_0 ; Retry 316 ; cf = 1 317 0000014E C3 retn 318 disk_read_2: 319 ;add bx, [bp+6] ; [bsBytesPerSec] ; 512 320 0000014F 81C30002 add bx, 512 321 ;add bh, 2 ; ** 322 00000153 730D jnc short disk_read_3 323 ;mov bx, [next_segment] 324 00000155 8CC3 mov bx, es 325 00000157 80C710 add bh, 10h 326 0000015A 891E[7501] mov [next_segment], bx 327 0000015E 8EC3 mov es, bx 328 00000160 31DB xor bx, bx 329 disk_read_3: 330 00000162 40 inc ax 331 00000163 49 dec cx 332 00000164 75B9 jnz short disk_read 333 ;clc ; ** (128 sectors/cluster!?) 334 bs_05: 335 00000166 C3 retn 336 337 print_msg: 338 ; DS:SI = Error message address (ASCIIZ string) 339 00000167 B40E mov ah, 0Eh 340 00000169 BB0700 mov bx, 7 341 bs_06: 342 0000016C AC lodsb 343 0000016D 84C0 test al, al 344 0000016F 74F5 jz short bs_05 345 00000171 CD10 int 10h 346 00000173 EBF7 jmp short bs_06 347 348 next_segment: 349 00000175 0010 dw rts_segment 350 351 ; Filler (Magic Number) 352 00000177 04 db 4 353 00000178 01 db 1 354 00000179 07 db 7 355 356 ; Filler (File System) 357 0000017A 5452465331 db 'TRFS1' 358 0000017F 00 db 0 359 360 ; Filler (Boot Code Date) 361 00000180 30322F30322F323031- db '02/02/2018' 361 00000189 38 362 0000018A 00 db 0 363 364 bs_07: 365 ; Set TRDOS 386 kernel specific parameters (& signs) 366 ; and 367 ; Launch TRDOS 386 Kernel (Startup/RTS file) 368 369 0000018B A1[7501] mov ax, [next_segment] ; 16 paragraphs after the 370 ; start of the last segment 371 ; of the kernel file loading 372 ; space. 373 ; So, (top of) stack will have 374 ; 256 bytes or more distance 375 ; from the last byte 376 ; of the kernel file. 377 ; (This will be enough for 378 ; TRDOS 386 kernel before 379 ; entering protected mode.) 380 0000018E FA cli 381 0000018F 8ED0 mov ss, ax 382 00000191 BCFEFF mov sp, 0FFFEh 383 00000194 FB sti 384 385 00000195 BB0010 mov bx, rts_segment ; 1000h 386 387 00000198 8EDB mov ds, bx 388 0000019A 8EC3 mov es, bx 389 ;mov fs, bx 390 ;mov gs, bx 391 392 ;xor bx, bx 393 ;xor cx, cx 394 ;xor dx, dx 395 ;xor si, si 396 ;xor di, di 397 ;xor bp, bp 398 399 ; bp = 7C00h 400 401 ;mov dl, [bsDriveNumber] 402 0000019C 8B562C mov dx, [bp+44] ; DL = Drive number, DH = 0 (CHS) 403 404 0000019F B8A101 mov ax, 417 ; TRDOS boot sector sign for TRDOS386.SYS 405 406 000001A2 EA00000010 jmp rts_segment:0 407 408 Diskio_err_Msg: 409 000001A7 0D0A db 0Dh, 0Ah 410 000001A9 4469736B206572726F- db 'Disk error' 410 000001B2 72 411 ;db '!' 412 000001B3 00 db 0 413 Inv_disk_Msg: 414 000001B4 0D0A db 0Dh, 0Ah 415 000001B6 496E76616C69642073- db 'Invalid system disk' 415 000001BF 797374656D20646973- 415 000001C8 6B 416 Disk_err_replace_Msg: 417 000001C9 21 db '!' 418 Replace_Msg: 419 000001CA 0D0A db 0Dh, 0Ah 420 000001CC 5265706C6163652074- db 'Replace the disk and press any key to reboot.' 420 000001D5 6865206469736B2061- 420 000001DE 6E6420707265737320- 420 000001E7 616E79206B65792074- 420 000001F0 6F207265626F6F742E 421 000001F9 0D0A00 db 0Dh, 0Ah, 0 422 423 times 508 - ($ - $$) db 0 424 bsReserved1: 425 000001FC 5452 db 'TR' ; 'Turkish Rational DOS' feature identifier. 426 bootsignature1: 427 000001FE 55AA db 55h, 0AAh