1 ; **************************************************************************** 2 ; TRDOS386.ASM (TRDOS 386 Kernel) - v2.0.0 - trfs1chs.s - TRFS1 BOOT SECTOR 3 ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 ; Turkish Rational SINGLIX File System 1 Hard Disk (CHS) Boot Sector Code 5 ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 ; Last Update: 02/02/2018 7 ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 ; Beginning: 03/01/2018 9 ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 ; Assembler: NASM version 2.11 11 ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 ; ((nasm trfs1chs.s -l trfs1chs.lst -o TRFS1CHS.BIN)) 13 ; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14 ; Turkish Rational DOS 15 ; Operating System Project v2.0 by ERDOGAN TAN (Beginning: 04/01/2016) 16 ; 17 ; Derived from 'fat16_bs.s' TRDOS 386 (v2) FAT16 boot sector source code 18 ; by Erdogan Tan (26/12/2017). 19 ; 20 ; Derived from 'FS1_HDBS.ASM' TRDOS 8086 (v1) Singlix FS1 boot sector 21 ; source code by Erdogan Tan (21/02/2010). 22 ; **************************************************************************** 23 ; incbin "TRFS1CHS.BIN" (in 'hdimage.s' & 'hdformat.s') 24 25 rts_segment equ 1000h 26 27 ; FDT equalities 28 ; 03-01-2018 [ TRFS Issue 2, Revision 14 ] 29 30 FDT_Sign equ 0 ; 'FDT' 31 FDT_SectorSize equ 4 ; 512 32 FDT_Number equ 6 ; FDT sequence number 33 FDT_FileNumber equ 8 ; 1st FDT address (offset) 34 FDT_NextFDTNum equ 12 ; Next FDT address 35 FDT_SectorCount equ 16 ; Sector count in section 36 FDT_ParentDir equ 20 ; Parent directory address 37 FDT_PDirSerial equ 24 ; Parent directory serial number 38 FDT_FileSize equ 28 ; File Size lower 4 bytes 39 FDT_FileSizeHW equ 32 ; File Size higher 2 bytes 40 41 [BITS 16] 42 [ORG 7C00h] 43 bsjmpBoot: 44 00000000 EB2E jmp short loc_30 ; jmp short start 45 bsjmpBoot_nop: 46 00000002 90 nop 47 48 ; TR-SINGLIX FS1 BootSector Identification (Data) Block 49 ; 03-01-2018 FS1 HD Partition Boot Sector 50 ; 02-01-2018 [ TRFS Issue 1, Revision 14 ] 51 52 00000003 4653 bsFSystemID: db 'FS' ; bp+3 53 00000005 00 db 0 54 00000006 0002 bsBytesPerSec: dw 512 ; bp+6 55 00000008 01 bsMediaAttrib: db 1 ; bp+8 56 00000009 A1 bsPartitionID: db 0A1h ; bp+9 57 0000000A 01 bsFSVersionMaj: db 01h ; bp+10 58 0000000B 00 bsFSVersionMin: db 0 ; bp+11 59 0000000C 00000000 bsBeginSector: dd 0 ; bp+12 60 00000010 00000000 bsVolumeSize: dd 0 ; bp+16 61 00000014 00000000 bsStartupFDT: dd 0 ; bp+20 62 00000018 01000000 bsMATLocation: dd 1 ; bp+24 63 0000001C 00000000 bsRootDirDT: dd 0 ; bp+28 64 00000020 00000000 bsSysConfFDT: dd 0 ; bp+32 65 00000024 00000000 bsSwapFD: dd 0 ; bp+36 66 00000028 00000000 bsUndelDirDT: dd 0 ; bp+40 67 0000002C 00 bsDriveNumber: db 0 ; bp+44 68 0000002D 01 bs_LBA_Ready: db 01h ; bp+45 69 bsMagicWord: 70 bs_Disk_SecPerTrack: 71 0000002E A1 db 0A1h ; bp+46 72 bs_Disk_Heads: 73 0000002F 01 db 01h ; bp+47 74 start: 75 loc_30: 76 00000030 BD007C mov bp, 7C00h 77 78 00000033 3DA101 cmp ax, 417 ; If AX=417, the masterboot sector 79 ; has a SINGLIX FS (& TRDOS 386) 80 ; masterboot code; and... 81 ; DX=ES=SS=0, BP=7C00h 82 ; SP=7C00h ... masterboot sector has 83 ; been loaded at 0:600h, it has 84 ; CHS parameters at offset 600h+420. 85 ; (There is a 01A1h in offset 600h+417) 86 87 00000036 740F je short bs_01 ; no need to following assignments ! 88 89 00000038 31C0 xor ax, ax 90 0000003A 8ED8 mov ds, ax 91 0000003C 8EC0 mov es, ax 92 0000003E FA cli 93 0000003F 8ED0 mov ss, ax 94 00000041 89EC mov sp, bp 95 00000043 FB sti 96 00000044 8A562C mov dl, [bp+44] ; [bsDriveNumber] 97 bs_01: 98 00000047 8936[FC01] mov [bsReserved1], si ; Partition entry address.. 99 ; 24/12/2017 ; (from Singlix FS MBR) 100 ; (7BEh,7CEh,7DEh,7EEh) 101 check_startup_file_address: 102 0000004B 668B4614 mov eax, [bp+20] ; [bsStartupFDT] 103 0000004F 6621C0 and eax, eax 104 00000052 7435 jz short invalid_system_disk 105 106 00000054 663B4610 cmp eax, [bp+16] ; [bsVolumeSize] 107 00000058 732F jnb short invalid_system_disk 108 109 0000005A 83EC08 sub sp, 8 ; 13/01/2018 110 ; SP = 7BF8h 111 112 0000005D 6689C7 mov edi, eax 113 00000060 6603460C add eax, [bp+12] 114 00000064 668946FC mov [bp-4], eax 115 116 ; overwrite hd drive number ! 117 ;mov [bsDriveNumber], dl ; drive number from INT 19h 118 00000068 88562C mov [bp+44], dl 119 120 0000006B BB007E mov bx, 7E00h ; FDT Buffer address 121 ;mov si, bx 122 123 0000006E E8B700 call read_sector 124 00000071 7222 jc short disk_io_error 125 126 check_startup_file_fdt: 127 ; 29/01/2018 128 ; Check File Number (the 1st FDT address) 129 00000073 663B3E087E cmp edi, [7E00h+FDT_FileNumber] 130 00000078 750F jne short invalid_system_disk 131 0000007A E82000 call FDT_validation 132 0000007D 6689C7 mov edi, eax 133 ; EDI = Next FDT (Section) Address 134 ; [BP-4] = Current FDT (Section) Address 135 ; ECX = Sector Count 136 00000080 66A11C7E mov eax, [7E00h+FDT_FileSize] 137 00000084 6609C0 or eax, eax 138 00000087 7537 jnz short bs_02 139 invalid_system_disk: 140 00000089 BE[DF01] mov si, Inv_disk_Msg 141 0000008C E83001 call print_msg 142 getchar_reboot: 143 ; Wait for a keystroke just before reboot 144 0000008F 30E4 xor ah, ah 145 00000091 CD16 int 16h 146 147 00000093 CD19 int 19h ; disk boot 148 ; causes reboot of disk system 149 disk_io_error: 150 00000095 BE[CF01] mov si, Diskio_err_Msg 151 00000098 E82401 call print_msg 152 0000009B EBF2 jmp short getchar_reboot 153 154 FDT_validation: 155 ; 29/01/2018 156 ; Check FDT signature 157 0000009D BE007E mov si, 7E00h 158 000000A0 AD lodsw 159 000000A1 3D4644 cmp ax, 'FD' 160 000000A4 7517 jne short invalid_FDT ; not a valid FDT! 161 000000A6 AC lodsb 162 000000A7 3C54 cmp al, 'T' 163 000000A9 7512 jne short invalid_FDT ; not a valid FDT! 164 000000AB 83C609 add si, 9 165 000000AE 66AD lodsd ; FDT_NextFDTNum 166 000000B0 66678B0E mov ecx, [esi] ; FDT_SectorCount 167 000000B4 09C9 or cx, cx ; sector count (in section) > 0 168 000000B6 7405 jz short invalid_FDT 169 000000B8 6603460C add eax, [bp+12] ; [bsBeginSector] 170 ; EAX = Next FDT address (physical) 171 ; ECX = Sector count (in section) 172 000000BC C3 retn 173 invalid_FDT: 174 000000BD 58 pop ax ; return address 175 000000BE EBC9 jmp short invalid_system_disk 176 177 bs_02: 178 000000C0 6631D2 xor edx, edx 179 000000C3 66BB00020000 mov ebx, 512 180 000000C9 6601D8 add eax, ebx 181 000000CC 6648 dec eax 182 000000CE 66F7F3 div ebx 183 000000D1 BB7F04 mov bx, 1151 184 000000D4 6639D8 cmp eax, ebx ; Maximum 1151 sectors 185 ; (Segment 1000h to 9FE0h) 186 ; ((512 bytes must be reserved for 187 ; stack just before segment A000h)) 188 000000D7 7603 jna short bs_03 189 000000D9 6689D8 mov eax, ebx 190 bs_03: 191 ; ECX = sector count (in section) 192 load_startup_file: 193 000000DC 6639C8 cmp eax, ecx 194 000000DF 7303 jnb short bs_04 195 000000E1 6689C1 mov ecx, eax ; sector count (in section) 196 ; must not be greater 197 ; remain sectors (for file) to read 198 bs_04: 199 000000E4 6629C8 sub eax, ecx 200 000000E7 668946F8 mov [bp-8], eax ; Remain sector count (for next read) 201 000000EB A1[CD01] mov ax, [next_segment] 202 000000EE 06 push es 203 000000EF 8EC0 mov es, ax ; segment = 1000h + 204 000000F1 6689F8 mov eax, edi ; Next FDT Address 205 000000F4 668746FC xchg eax, [bp-4] ; eax = Current FDT Address 206 000000F8 6640 inc eax ; +1 (section data) 207 ; CX = Sector count (<= 1151) in section 208 000000FA 31DB xor bx, bx ; offset = 0 209 ; CX = num of sectors to read (= sectors/cluster) 210 000000FC E82C00 call disk_read 211 000000FF 07 pop es 212 00000100 7293 jc short disk_io_error 213 00000102 C1EB04 shr bx, 4 ; from byte count to paragraph count 214 00000105 011E[CD01] add [next_segment], bx 215 216 00000109 668B7EF8 mov edi, [bp-8] ; Remain sector count 217 ;or edi, edi 218 0000010D 09FF or di, di 219 0000010F 0F848C00 jz bs_06 ; none 220 221 00000113 668B46FC mov eax, [bp-4] ; Next FDT address 222 00000117 BB007E mov bx, 7E00h ; FDT Buffer address 223 ;mov si, bx 224 225 0000011A E80B00 call read_sector 226 0000011D 0F8274FF jc disk_io_error 227 228 00000121 E879FF call FDT_validation 229 230 00000124 6697 xchg eax, edi 231 232 ; EDI = Next FDT address (physical) 233 ; EAX = Remain sector count 234 ; ECX = Sector count (in section) 235 236 00000126 EBB4 jmp short load_startup_file 237 238 read_sector: ; 25/12/2017 (Read 1 sector) 239 00000128 B90100 mov cx, 1 240 disk_read: 241 ;mov byte [bp+retry_count-7C00h], 4 242 0000012B B204 mov dl, 4 ; retry count 243 disk_read_0: 244 0000012D 6660 pushad 245 0000012F 807E2D00 cmp byte [bp+45], 0 ; TRFS1 LBA partition & LBA ready 246 00000133 7617 jna short chs_read 247 lba_read: 248 ;pushad 249 250 ;mov di, sp 251 252 00000135 666A00 push dword 0 253 00000138 6650 push eax 254 0000013A 06 push es 255 0000013B 53 push bx 256 0000013C 6A01 push byte 1 257 0000013E 6A10 push byte 16 ; 10h 258 00000140 B442 mov ah, 42h 259 ;mov dl, [bsDriveNumber] 260 00000142 8A562C mov dl, [bp+44] 261 00000145 89E6 mov si, sp 262 00000147 CD13 int 13h 263 264 ;pop eax 265 ;pop eax 266 ;pop eax 267 ;pop eax 268 ;mov sp, di 269 270 ; 30/01/2018 271 00000149 61 popa 272 0000014A EB2C jmp short disk_read_1 273 chs_read: 274 ;pushad 275 276 ; Convert LBA to CHS 277 0000014C 6631D2 xor edx, edx 278 ;movzx ecx, byte [bs_Disk_SecPerTrack] ; [bp+46] 279 ; sectors per track (17 or 63) 280 0000014F 660FB64E2E movzx ecx, byte [bp+46] 281 00000154 66F7F1 div ecx 282 00000157 FEC2 inc dl ; sector number (1 based) 283 00000159 52 push dx 284 0000015A 6689C2 mov edx, eax ; (heads * cylinder) + head number 285 0000015D 66C1EA10 shr edx, 16 ; high word in DX, low word in AX 286 ;mov cl, [bs_Disk_Heads] ; [bp+47] 287 00000161 8A4E2F mov cl, [bp+47] ; number of heads (2 to 255) 288 00000164 F7F1 div cx 289 ; AX = cylinder (0 to 1023) 290 ; DX = head number (in DL) 291 00000166 88D6 mov dh, dl ; head number in DH 292 ;mov dl, [bsDriveNumber] ; [bp+2Ch] ; Drive number (80h) 293 00000168 8A562C mov dl, [bp+44] 294 0000016B 59 pop cx 295 0000016C 88C5 mov ch, al ; Low 8 bits of cylinder number (0 to 7) 296 0000016E C0E406 shl ah, 6 ; High 2 bits of cylinder is in bit 7&8 297 00000171 08E1 or cl, ah ; High two bits of CL is cylinder bits 8&9 298 00000173 B80102 mov ax, 201h ; Read 1 sector 299 00000176 CD13 int 13h 300 disk_read_1: 301 00000178 6661 popad 302 0000017A 7305 jnc short disk_read_2 303 ; cf = 1 304 ;dec byte [retry_count] 305 ;dec byte [bp+retry_count-7C00h] 306 0000017C FECA dec dl ; Retry count 307 0000017E 75AD jnz short disk_read_0 ; Retry 308 ; cf = 1 309 00000180 C3 retn 310 disk_read_2: 311 ;add bx, [bp+6] ; [bsBytesPerSec] ; 512 312 00000181 81C30002 add bx, 512 313 ;add bh, 2 ; ** 314 00000185 730E jnc short disk_read_3 315 00000187 8CC3 mov bx, es 316 00000189 81C30010 add bx, 1000h 317 0000018D 891E[CD01] mov [next_segment], bx 318 00000191 8EC3 mov es, bx 319 00000193 31DB xor bx, bx 320 disk_read_3: 321 00000195 6640 inc eax 322 00000197 49 dec cx 323 00000198 7591 jnz short disk_read 324 ;clc ; ** (128 sectors/cluster!?) 325 bs_05: 326 0000019A C3 retn 327 328 ; Filler 329 0000019B 343137 db '417' 330 0000019E 00 db 0 331 bs_06: 332 ; Set TRDOS 386 kernel specific parameters (& signs) 333 ; and 334 ; Launch TRDOS 386 Kernel (Startup/RTS file) 335 336 0000019F 66B8A1010000 mov eax, 417 337 338 000001A5 8B1E[CD01] mov bx, [next_segment] ; 16 paragraphs after the 339 ; start of the last segment 340 ; of the kernel file loading 341 ; space. 342 ; So, (top of) stack will have 343 ; 256 bytes or more distance 344 ; from the last byte 345 ; of the kernel file. 346 ; (This will be enough for 347 ; TRDOS 386 kernel before 348 ; entering protected mode.) 349 000001A9 FA cli 350 000001AA 8ED3 mov ss, bx 351 000001AC BCFEFF mov sp, 0FFFEh 352 000001AF FB sti 353 354 000001B0 BB0010 mov bx, rts_segment ; 1000h 355 356 000001B3 8EDB mov ds, bx 357 000001B5 8EC3 mov es, bx 358 ;mov fs, bx 359 ;mov gs, bx 360 361 ;xor ebx, ebx 362 ;xor ecx, ecx 363 ;xor edx, edx 364 ;xor esi, esi 365 ;xor edi, edi 366 ;xor ebp, ebp 367 368 ; bp = 7C00h 369 370 ;mov dl, [bsDriveNumber] 371 000001B7 8B562C mov dx, [bp+44] ; DL = Drive number, DH = 0 (CHS) 372 ; DH = 1 (LBA) 373 374 ;mov eax, 417 ; TRDOS boot sector sign for TRDOS386.SYS 375 376 000001BA EA00000010 jmp rts_segment:0 377 378 print_msg: 379 ; DS:SI = Error message address (ASCIIZ string) 380 000001BF B40E mov ah, 0Eh 381 000001C1 BB0700 mov bx, 7 382 bs_07: 383 000001C4 AC lodsb 384 000001C5 84C0 test al, al 385 000001C7 74D1 jz short bs_05 386 000001C9 CD10 int 10h 387 000001CB EBF7 jmp short bs_07 388 389 next_segment: 390 000001CD 0010 dw rts_segment 391 392 Diskio_err_Msg: 393 000001CF 0D0A db 0Dh, 0Ah 394 000001D1 4469736B206572726F- db 'Disk error!' 394 000001DA 7221 395 000001DC 0D0A00 db 0Dh, 0Ah, 0 396 Inv_disk_Msg: 397 000001DF 0D0A db 0Dh, 0Ah 398 000001E1 496E76616C69642073- db 'Invalid system disk!' 398 000001EA 797374656D20646973- 398 000001F3 6B21 399 000001F5 0D0A00 db 0Dh, 0Ah, 0 400 401 ; Filler (Boot Code Date) 402 000001F8 02 db 02h 403 000001F9 02 db 02h 404 000001FA 20 db 20h 405 000001FB 18 db 18h 406 407 times 508 - ($ - $$) db 0 408 bsReserved1: 409 000001FC 5452 db 'TR' ; 'Turkish Rational DOS' feature identifier. 410 bootsignature1: 411 000001FE 55AA db 55h, 0AAh